The aril 54% lipid, 7% protein, 8% usable carbohydrate is retained. A butanolide from seedlings and micropropagated leaves of. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page although now placed in the family silvanidae, these beetles were previously included in the cucujidae. The water relations of two tropical rainforest species.
Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with research. Mirtes midori tanae, ingrit elida collantes diaz and antonio jose lapa. Parameters of the bestfitted generalized linear mixed model for the probability of visitation by all seed dispersers combined a, toucans b, and spider monkeys c to focal virola surinamensis. An virola surinamensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga virola, ngan familia nga myristicaceae. Virola surinamensis, known in the brazilian amazonian region as ucuuba, produces seeds with high lipid content. Warb, an amazonian medicinal plant world congress on chromatography september 2123, 2016 amsterdam, netherlands. Correlations between enhancement of shoot proliferation and increased lactone formation were observed by adding several phytohormones to culture media of seedling explants. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region. The central suriname nature reserve, covering nearly 3,950,000 acres 1,600,000 hectares, was established in june 1998 in westcentral suriname. Saw toothed grain beetle, oryzaephilus surinamensis.
It is found in brazil, costa rica, ecuador, french guiana, guyana, panama, peru, suriname, and venezuela. I used transect and quadrat sampling techniques on ten focal trees to collect data about fruit production rates, insect seed predation, and germination to quantify the surrounding. Virola surinamensis, known commonly as baboonwood, ucuuba, ucuhuba and chalviande, is a species of flowering plant in the family myristicaceae. Reproductive success in a tropical tree species, virola. Media in category virola surinamensis the following 29 files are in this category, out of 29 total. We conducted a greenhouse study of the effects of initial seed mass on seedling characteristics in a panamanian population of virola surinamensis, a canopy. Pharmaceutics free fulltext ucuuba virola surinamensis. In addition, the presence in the leaves, root, bark and seeds of virola surinamensis of phenylpropanoids, propiophenones, lignans, neolignans, polyketides and flavonoids with antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antimycotic action has been reported in other studies and has elicited interest in the pharmaceutical properties of this plant 20,21,22. For more multimedia, look at virola surinamensis on wikimedia commons. Myristicaceous species are very abundant trees in the. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Virola surinamensis, known commonly as baboonwood, ucuuba, ucuhuba and chalviande, is a. A method to separate lignoids from virola leaves anna maria a.
It is also a source of traditional medicinal remedies for intestinal worms. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Antileishmanial activity of neolignans from virola. Virola theiodora resin contains 5meodmt as its main alkaloid. The effect of feeding time on dispersal of virola seeds by. We examined the effects of distance from a fruiting conspecific, light environment, and initial seed size on survivorship using virola surinamensis seeds and seedlings placed in concentric rings around fruiting virola. Seedlings and micropropagated leaves of virola surinamensis afforded 2s, 3r, 4s3hydroxy4methyl27. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region this species is possibly used as an hallucinogenic snuff in amazonia, where an intoxicating paste is also made from the bark. The effect of feeding time on dispersal of virola seeds by toucans determined from gps tracking and. My project focuses on assessing the forces driving variation in fruit production and insect seed predation rates in the tropical tree species, virola surinamensis. Biology of the sawtoothed grain beetle, oryzaephilus.
Envenomation by micrurus coral snakes in the brazilian amazon. From the 118 grams 118,000 mg of bark, i only managed to extract about 195 mg of defatted material, and of that only about 39 mg was actually 5meodmt. Antileishmanial activity of neolignans from virola species and synthetic analogues. Triplaris triplaris surinamensis trees have been noted naturalising in both the cairns i. Biosynthesis of tetrahydrofuran lignans in virola surinamensis. Ecologia, manejo e utilizacao da virola surinamensis rol. Virola surinamensis wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre.
Survival and growth of juvenile virola surinamensis in panama. Ucuuba scientifically known as virola surinamensis is a tall tree that produces a small red fruit. We will try and highlight a few uses because if we were to cover all the benefits in depth we will spend days and probably weeks attempting to cover them all. Pdf effects of logging on virola surinamensis in an amazonian. Antimalarial use of volatile oil from leaves of virola surinamensis rol. Surinamensin 1a, a neolignan isolated from virola surinamensis and selected for its antischistosomal activity barata et al. Pdf survival and growth of juvenile virola surinamensis in. Biology of the sawtoothed grain beetle, oryzaephilus surinamensis linnaeus on different stored products and its host associated genetic variability govindaraj, r. Reproductive success in a tropical tree species, virola surinamensis. Smithsonian tropical research institutevirola surinamensis.
Virola is a genus of mediumsized trees native to the south american rainforest and closely related to other myristicaceae, such as nutmeg. Emigration activity of the sawtoothed grain beetle oryzaephilus surinamensis l. If you freebase the virola theiodora resin, the dosage is roughly the same, maybe very slightly stronger, but the effects come on faster, and arent as euphoric. Dec 23, 2014 effect of low pressure on the survival of trogoderma granarium everts, lasioderma serricorne f. It is also harvested from the wild for the local use of the fat obtained from its seeds and for its medicinal properties. Virola theiodora is a cheap natural source for 5meodmt.
During two fruiting seasons, we monitored crop size, seed removal rates, the number of fruiting conspecifics within 100 m, and feeding visitation rates by frugivores at trees located in high and low. Factsheet oryzaephilus surinamensis linnaeus, 1758 saw. It is a native tree of the floodplains found throughout the amazonian region, but it is found throughout central and south america. The second case showed just mild signs of envenomation caused by micrurus filiformis. The kapok ceiba pentandra reaches a height of more than 150 feet 45 metres. Virola calophyllasurinamensis cumala, virola resin, baboonwood. Virola calophyllasurinamensis cumala, virola resin. The aim of this study was to assess the physiological responses and the phytoextraction and tolerance capacity of young plants of v. There is a long history of use of this resin in south american snuffs.
A butanolide from seedlings and micropropagated leaves of virola surinamensis. Population and genetic structure of two dioecious timber species. We observed birds and mammals visiting individual plants in a panamanian population of the rainforest tree virola surinamensis w ild nutmeg to determine 1 relative importance of different dispersal agents, and 2 the relationships between crop size, crop quality, and seed removal. Chromatographic purification of the water extract of virola surinamensis rol. Chromatographic purification of the water extract of. During two fruiting seasons, we monitored crop size, seed removal rates, the number of fruiting conspecifics. Pdf virola surinamensis is a dioecious timber species of amazonian floodplain forests. Virola is a genus of large trees, some of which produce a red, n,ndmt and 5meodmtcontaining resin from the inner bark. Lignan7ols oleiferinb and oleifering worked for cladosporium cladosporioides starting as low as 10 micrograms. Cyperus surinamensis in kew science plants of the world online. Survival and growth of juvenile virola surinamensis in. Removal of wild nutmeg virola surinamensis crops by birds. Health benefits of ucuuba butter with all the mentioned nutrients we all agree that ucuuba butter can have countless uses, particularly in the skin care industry. Virola surinamensis in the germplasm resources information network grin, u.
The first case was a severe one caused by micrurus surinamensis. Pdf toucans ramphastos ambiguus facilitate resilience. F branch with inflorescences g, h leaf blade on adaxial g and abaxial surface h. Saw toothed grain beetle, oryzaephilus surinamensis dark brown to grey, easily distinguished by the ridges on its thorax.
Effects of seed size on seedling size in virola surinamensis. Andean bryophytes bolivia checklist catalogue of new world grasses ecuador catalogue flora mesoamericana madagascar catalogue moss flora of china peru checklist system details. Media in category virola surinamensis botanical illustrations this category contains only the following file. Even when using a soxhlet extractor for many hours, my yield was very small. It is threatened by extinction and a priority species in the conservation program of genetic resources with high. Aazpa librarians special interest group bibliography service the bibliogr aphy is provided as a service of the aaz pa li brarians special interest group and the. The short, cylindrical bole can be 30 50cm in diameter 625. The patient required mechanical ventilation due to acute respiratory failure. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. An virola surinamensis in uska species han magnoliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni rolander, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni otto warburg. Virola theiodora erowid exp acetone extract of virola.
Virola sebifera produces an encapsulated arillate seed that is swallowed by birds shortly after dehiscence. Clemson university, usda cooperative extension slide series, adult sawtoothed grain beetle. Virola surinamensis is a dioecious timber species of amazonian floodplain forests. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. The system is of particular interest because birds preferentially eat fruits of smallseeded plants, leaving seedlings of largeseeded individuals under. Oryzaephilus surinamensis is one of most common insect pest of grains and a variety of stored products, and has been found in high numbers in almost all storage facilities. The short, cylindrical bole can be 30 50cm in diameter625. Effect of cadmium on young plants of virola surinamensis. It is threatened by extinction and a priority species in the.
In several previous reports virola was seen to have a rather narrow range of xylem pressure potentials. Virola surinamensis 054 socratea exorrhiza 700 pseudolmedia. The major secondary metabolites and fatty acids occurring in the seeds of virola surinamensis were monitored by gcms during germination. A taxonomic synopsis of virola myristicaceae in mesoamerica. Early consequences of seed dispersal for a neotropical. The baboen virola surinamensis, which grows in the coastal area, is used to make plywood. Virola surinamensis is a myristicaceous tree growing in the amazonian flooded plains and produces seeds during the rainy season 2, 3. Pdf survival and growth of virola surinamensis yearlings. Find support for a specific problem on the support section of our website. Toucans ramphastos ambiguus facilitate resilience against seed dispersal limitation to a largeseeded tree virola surinamensis in a humanmodified landscape. Population and genetic structure of two dioecious timber species virola surinamensis and virola koschnyi myristicaceae in southwestern. We investigated dispersal limitation for the large. Flavonoids and lignans from virola surinamensis twigs and their in vitro activity against trypanosoma cruzi. Virola otobifoliaa branch with leaf blades showing both surfaces and inflorescences b leaf blade, venation and base on abaxial surface c infructescence d fruits e detail of fruit, showing an aril of an immature fruit.
View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. This muchbranched spreading shrub, with bipinnate leaves, i. The objective of this study was to examine the water relations and hydraulic architecture and vulnerability to cavitation in virola surinamensis and v. Mulato tree triplaris surinamensis prefers moist areas in lowland situations. Survival and growth of virola surinamensis yearlings. The system is of particular interest because birds preferentially eat fruits of smallseeded plants, leaving seedlings of largeseeded individuals. Pdf a butanolide from seedlings and micropropagated. Also naturalised and considered to be invasive on tahiti island, in french polynesia. Species are known commonly as epena, patrica, or cumala.
Department of agriculture agricultural research service. This page was last edited on 24 december 2019, at 11. The trunkas exterior bark is reddish brown in color. M, but showed no selective toxicity when tested against l. Virola surinamensis is a forest species that has desirable characteristics such as deep and dense roots, relatively rapid growth and high biomass production to remedy contaminated environments by cd. However, laboratory mass rearing of this insect for. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. Flowers are a yellowish color, fruits are an oval capsule of green or brown color which turn yellow when ripe and break apart into. Andira surinamensis is an evergreen tree with a dense, low, rounded crown. Virola surinamensis, known commonly as baboonwood and chalviande,is a species of flowering plant in the family myristicaceae. Adult sawtoothed grain beetle, oryzaephilus surinamensis.
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